THE ROLE OF THE FEMININE IN THE "LADRÕES" OF MARABAIXO: FROM SUPPORTING ROLES TO PROTAGONISTS
Keywords: Cultural Identity; "Ladrões" of Marabaixo; Feminine Protagonism
Marabaixo is an Afro-Amapaense cultural dance that moves to the rhythm of the "ladrões," whose drumbeats resonate ancestral rhythms that guide this dance. The term "ladrão" derives from its origin—oral poems improvised on the spot—and reflects the history, culture, and memory of the Black population in the state of Amapá. Within this cultural context, the dissertation entitled "The Role of the Feminine in the 'Ladrões' of Marabaixo: From Supporting Roles to Protagonists" aims, through an analysis of the "ladrões" of Marabaixo, to investigate how these verses, written by Black women, express not only memory as a formative element of the cultural identity of the practitioners of this secular tradition, but also offer reflections on the role of the feminine. Traditionally occupying a complementary role, women have begun to assume a more central protagonism, especially in the creation and chanting of the "ladrões" of Marabaixo.
The research focuses on the "ladrões" created by Black women "ladronistas" from traditional Marabaixo groups in the city of Macapá. Tia Zezé Libório and Marli Costa come from the group Berço do Marabaixo da Favela, while Elisia Congó is part of the group Raízes da Favela, inherited from her ancestors. This qualitative research uses cultural studies as its methodological foundation, collecting data through semi-structured interviews, photographic records, and narrative descriptions from the cultural actors who collaborated on the study. Additionally, it examines the "ladrões" composed by these protagonists. The study is based on the concepts of gender and race through an intersectional perspective (Davis, 2016; McClintock, 2010; Collins, 2020), and also draws on discussions of memory, culture, and identity (Hall, 2003; 2016; Candau, 2012). For the historical context and main characteristics of Marabaixo, works by Videira (2009; 2020) and Canto (1998) were referenced.
The research highlights that feminine protagonism is essential to understanding contemporary cultural dynamics and the vital role of women in preserving Marabaixo.